Injuries in Football

Football is one of the very high-risk sport because of its naturally physical nature, combined with the speed, strength, and size of players.

Also, many age group peoples play this sport, and as a result of the forces generated and the mismatch in body sizes, injuries to various parts of the body are common.

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Some examples of common football injuries include- Sprains and Strains.

Sprain

An injury to a ligament is known as a sprain.

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Ankle Sprain

It is the most common of all ankle injuries, an ankle sprain occurs when there is a stretching and tearing of ligaments surrounding the ankle joint.

- The ligaments around the ankle may become pulled and torn when the ankle is forced into a position when not normally encountered.

Physiotherapy Treatment

- For immediate relief in the ankle, follow the R.I.C.E treatment plan.-

- Minimize swelling

 - Apply ice, after that, wrap the ankle in an ACE bandage to

keep it supported and compressed.

Strain

An injury to either a muscle or a tendon is strain.

Depending on the severity of an injury, a strain may be divided into either a simple overstretch of the muscle or tendon, or it may result in a partial or complete tear.

Fractures

Fractures occur because an area of bone is not able to support the energy placed on it.

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Physiotherapy Treatment

In most cases reducing a fracture usually involves placing the broken bone in a cast.

If a bone cannot heal or properly align, then a further procedure may be necessary. 

 

Concussions

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Concussions often happen during a tackle, as the head snaps & strikes the ground.

It is a serious trauma to the brain that changes how it works.

Concussions usually cause temporary effects including headaches and problems with memory, concentration, judgment, balance, and coordination.

Physiotherapy Treatment

- Strengthening the neck muscles

- Manual therapy ensures the joints are moving well.

- Myofascial release techniques to ensure good mobility of the surrounding soft tissue. 

Knee Ligament Injuries

Ligaments connect bones. There are four ligaments in the knee that hold the thighbone to the shinbone:

1. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is located in the center of the knee, helps to control forward movement and rotation to the shinbone
   
   
2. The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), which is also located in the center of the knee, prevents the shin from sliding backward
   
   
3. Medial collateral ligament (MCL), which is located on the inside of the knee, gives stability to the inside of the joint
   
   
4. Lateral Collateral ligament (LCL), which is present on the outside of the knee, gives stability to the outer knee

Physiotherapy Treatment

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- Rest the affected area for at least the first 48 hours.

- Ice that can help to reduce swelling and inflammation.

- Wear an elastic compression bandage & remove it for sleeping

- Elevation can help to reduce swelling.

Role Of Physiotherapist

- The Physiotherapist helps in pre-competition workouts or training that may assessment and treatment of acute and chronic injuries.

- They do stretching and muscle activation before training and competition.

- The Physiotherapist helps during the game. They do medical screening while the game is on. They refer for scans or surgery when required.

- Physiotherapist help in the post-competition workout that includes:

(1) Recovery after the game.

(2) Relaxation

(3) Rehabilitation

(4) Psychological support to the player.etc

Written By:
- Mr. Arvind Verma (Batch- 2017)

References:

https://slideplayer.com/slide/5854578/

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

Asthma- Let's make Each Breath & Step Count

You don’t always need to achieve great things. Sometimes, able to breathe freely is a great achievement in itself. But when our lung health is impaired we realize that nothing else but our breathing is what really matters.

Nothing else matters if you can’t breathe properly. 

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Do you or anybody you know have asthma?  

Today, most of us know at least someone with asthma, and we may actually suffer from it ourselves without knowing.

Asthma is a chronic lung disease, that can make your lungs very sensitive. It can make your airways narrow, swell and produce extra mucus making it hard for a person to breathe properly.  

It is a very common disorder, affecting 10-20% of the population, causing breathlessness, wheezing, typical chest pain, and cough, hence eroding the quality of life of the sufferers adversely. 

It is estimated that More than 339 million people are living with asthma globally and around 15-20 million people are suffering from Asthma in India.  

It can be life-threatening if not handled with proper medical attention.

  

What causes Asthma?  

•     Genetics 

There is a strong link between asthma and genetics. A parent with asthma increases the chance of you getting it too.  

It is estimated that children are up to 3 times more likely to develop asthma if their parents have. 

•     Viral infections

We have all come down with flu. People who are prone to viral infections, such as the common cold in childhood, have more risk of getting asthma.

For people with asthma,  especially uncontrolled asthma, a simple cold can lead to a life-threatening situation. 

•     Allergen exposure

People can have allergies or asthma. Many have both.  Regular contact with allergens can increase the chances of asthma. Pollens, house dust, insect webs, fungal spores, food allergens (fish, yeast, meat, wheat, etc.) may trigger asthma.  

•     Environmental and occupation pollutants

The scenario in India is extremely worrisome. If a person already has asthma, it may worsen due to the number of pollutants in the air.  

Over 300 workplace substances have been identified that can cause new-onset asthma.  

How to lower your risk of developing asthma? 

You can help control your risk of developing this later in life by: 

• Avoiding certain food items that may worsen the symptoms.

• Treating Comorbid conditions (sinusitis, obesity, GERD, etc.).  

• Exercising at least 30-40 minutes a day. Swimming and yoga help in building up the muscles used for breathing.  

• Do not over-exert yourself while exercising.

• Taking preventive medication, as the doctor prescribes.

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Role of physiotherapy in asthma      

• One of the main ways in which physiotherapist works with Asthmatics is breathing retraining, to help prevent and reduce the effects of asthma attacks.  

• Physical Training is prescribed by the therapist, to increase fitness, cardiorespiratory performance, and quality of life.   

• Physiotherapist uses various PT techniques like postural drainage, percussion, vibrations, huffing, and shaking techniques to mobilize and remove excess sputum. 

• Respiratory muscle training is carried out which helps to strengthen the muscles of breathing.  

• Physiotherapist provides a clear understanding of asthma, advice, and guidance of appropriate exercises to control asthma.

A certain stigma surrounding asthma makes people believe that asthmatics cannot live life to the fullest. 

Asthma can sometimes be stressful and challenging.

But people need to know that, it does not have to be a limiting condition.  

Unfortunately, there is no definitive cure for this disease but there are ways of effectively managing the disease, which involves the participation of all doctor communities and society to reduce the challenges posed by this disease.  

Smile, breathe in and breathe out. That’s how you’ll get through this.

Written by:

- Ms. Divya (Batch- 2017)

References-

https://www.narayanahealth.org/blog/know-asthma-to-beat-asthma/

https://www.blkhospital.com/blk-blog/title/suffering-from-asthma-know-how-to-deal-

with-It

Tennis Elbow can Serve up Real Pain

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Tennis elbow is defined as a type of tendinitis i.e. swelling of the tendons – that causes pain in the elbow and the arm. These tendons are bands made of tough tissue that connect the muscles of the lower arm to the bone. It is also known as Lateral Epicondylitis.

Despite its name, one can still get a tennis elbow even if they have never been near a tennis court. 

Any repetitive gripping activities, especially if someone uses the first two fingers & the thumb, may contribute to the tennis elbow.

It can pop up in people of any age, but it’s most common at about age 40 years.

Causes

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Tennis elbow generally develops over time. Repetitive motions- gripping a racket, or cricket bat during a swing can strain on the muscles, may put stress on the tendons. 

These constant tugging can eventually cause microscopic tears in the tissue.

Tennis elbow might result from the following sports:

 

- Tennis

- Racquetball

- Squash

- Fencing

- Weight lifting

Tennis Elbow can also affect people that have jobs or hobbies which require repetitive arm movements or gripping such as:

- Carpentry

- Typing

- Painting

- Raking

- Knitting

- Racquetball

- Squash

- Fencing

- Weight lifting etc.

Symptoms

The symptoms of lateral epicondylitis include- pain and tenderness in the bony knob, on the outside of the elbow. This knob is present where the injured tendons connect to the bone. 

The pain may also radiate into the upper or the lower arm. Although the damage is in the elbow, someone is likely to feel pain while doing things with his/her hands.

Tennis elbow may cause the most pain when we:

- Lift something

- Make a fist or grip an object, such as a cricket bat, tennis racket. 

- Open a door or shake hands

- Raise hands or straighten the wrist.

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The tennis elbow is quite similar to another condition called the Golfer’s elbow, which affects the tendons on the inside of the elbow.

To diagnose the tennis elbow, the doctor/therapist will do a thorough examination. They will flex the patient's arm, wrist, and elbow to see where it hurts. Other techniques include imaging tests, such as an X-ray or MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to diagnose tennis elbow or rule out other problems.

Role of Physiotherapy

Tennis elbow can be treat by physiotherapy by following procedures-

* At 6 weeks:

- better than ‘watch and wait’

- worse than a steroid injection.

* Long term:

- better than steroid injection

- same as ‘watch and wait’

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Brace/Elbow Clasp:

* Between 12 and 24 weeks:-

- Pain reduction

- Improved functionality

- Improved pain-free grip strength

  

 * No better at 12 months.

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• Ultrasound

- Limited low-quality evidence

- Used as an adjunct; not independently

• Pulsed ultrasound to break up the scar tissue, promote healing, and increase blood flow in that area.

Manual Techniques

• Deep Transverse Friction Massage:- Have No benefit when combined with concurrent physiotherapy modalities when compared to control group

• Manipulation of the Wrist:- Scaphoid Thrust Manipulation

• Cervicothoracic Spine Manipulation:- 

- Non-thrust manipulation and traction of the cervical spine

- Lateral Cervical Glide Technique.

Steroid injection

• Good short-term relief for 6 weeks

• Poorer outcome in the longer term than

- watch and wait

- physio

* Tennis elbow can also be treated by Surgery.

* Stretch and warm up before any sport or activity that will exercise the elbow or arm.

* Ice your elbow after exercise.

Written by:

- Ms. Anjali Choudhary (Batch- 2017)

References:

https://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/tennis-elbow-lateral-epicondylitis